JavaScript Internationalization

Intl.PluralRules

Handle pluralization for different languages

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Pluralization Made Easy

Different languages have different plural forms. English has singular/plural, but Polish has 3 forms, and Arabic has 6! PluralRules tells you which form to use for any number.

📚Syntax & Concepts

Understanding how to use Intl.PluralRules

Constructor Syntax

new Intl.PluralRules(locale, options)

pluralRules.select(number)

Parameter: locale

Language code for plural rules

• "en-US" - English (2 forms)

• "pl-PL" - Polish (3 forms)

• "ar-SA" - Arabic (6 forms)

Parameter: options

Configure plural type

• type - "cardinal" or "ordinal"

• minimumFractionDigits

• maximumFractionDigits

Plural Categories

Cardinal (counting):

• zero - 0 items

• one - 1 item

• two - 2 items (rare)

• few - few items

• many - many items

• other - other amounts

Ordinal (ordering):

• one - 1st, 21st, 31st

• two - 2nd, 22nd, 32nd

• few - 3rd, 23rd, 33rd

• other - 4th, 5th, 6th...

How It Works

1. .select(n) returns category string

2. Use returned category to select the right message

3. Different languages return different categories for same number

4. English only uses "one" and "other" (simple)

Basic Usage

Get the plural category for a number

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Different Languages

Languages have different plural rules

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Ordinal Numbers

Format ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Practical Example: Shopping Cart

Build a multi-language shopping cart message

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Get All Supported Rules

See which plural categories a locale supports

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Dynamic Translation System

Build a simple i18n system with plural support

javascript

code

DarkEditable

class I18n {
  constructor(locale) {
    this.locale = locale;
    this.pr = new Intl.PluralRules(locale);
  }
  
  t(key, count) {
    const translations = {
      'en-US': {
        notifications: {
          one: 'You have {count} notification',
          other: 'You have {count} notifications'
        },
        likes: {
          one: '{count} person likes this',
          other: '{count} people like this'
        }
      },
      'es-ES': {
        notifications: {
          one: 'Tienes {count} notificación',
          other: 'Tienes {count} notificaciones'
        },
        likes: {
          one: 'A {count} persona le gusta esto',
          other: 'A {count} personas les gusta esto'
        }
      }
    };
    
    const rule = this.pr.select(count);
    const template = translations[this.locale][key][rule];
    return template.replace('{count}', count);
  }
}

// Usage
const i18n = new I18n('en-US');
console.log(i18n.t('notifications', 1));  
// "You have 1 notification"

console.log(i18n.t('notifications', 5));  
// "You have 5 notifications"

console.log(i18n.t('likes', 1));          
// "1 person likes this"

const i18nEs = new I18n('es-ES');
console.log(i18nEs.t('notifications', 3));
// "Tienes 3 notificaciones"

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Plural Categories

Understanding plural forms across languages

English (2 forms)

one

1 item

other

0, 2, 3... items

Polish (3 forms)

one

few

2, 3, 4

many

5, 6, 7...

Arabic (6 forms)

zero

one

two

few

3-10

many

11-99

other

100+

Key Takeaways

Plural Categories

Get correct form: zero, one, two, few, many, other

Language-Specific

Each language has different plural rules (2-6 forms)

Two Types

cardinal (1, 2, 3) or ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

🌍

Global Apps

Essential for building multi-language applications

Previous Topic

Intl.Collator

Language-sensitive string comparison.

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Manipulating browser history for SPAs.

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Output

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JavaScript Internationalization

Intl.PluralRules

Handle pluralization for different languages

Find videos you like?

Save to resource drawer for future reference!

Pluralization Made Easy

Different languages have different plural forms. English has singular/plural, but Polish has 3 forms, and Arabic has 6! PluralRules tells you which form to use for any number.

📚Syntax & Concepts

Understanding how to use Intl.PluralRules

Constructor Syntax

new Intl.PluralRules(locale, options)

pluralRules.select(number)

Parameter: locale

Language code for plural rules

• "en-US" - English (2 forms)

• "pl-PL" - Polish (3 forms)

• "ar-SA" - Arabic (6 forms)

Parameter: options

Configure plural type

• type - "cardinal" or "ordinal"

• minimumFractionDigits

• maximumFractionDigits

Plural Categories

Cardinal (counting):

• zero - 0 items

• one - 1 item

• two - 2 items (rare)

• few - few items

• many - many items

• other - other amounts

Ordinal (ordering):

• one - 1st, 21st, 31st

• two - 2nd, 22nd, 32nd

• few - 3rd, 23rd, 33rd

• other - 4th, 5th, 6th...

How It Works

1. .select(n) returns category string

2. Use returned category to select the right message

3. Different languages return different categories for same number

4. English only uses "one" and "other" (simple)

Basic Usage

Get the plural category for a number

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Different Languages

Languages have different plural rules

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Ordinal Numbers

Format ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Practical Example: Shopping Cart

Build a multi-language shopping cart message

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Get All Supported Rules

See which plural categories a locale supports

javascript

code

DarkEditable

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Dynamic Translation System

Build a simple i18n system with plural support

javascript

code

DarkEditable

// Usage
const i18n = new I18n('en-US');
console.log(i18n.t('notifications', 1));  
// "You have 1 notification"

console.log(i18n.t('notifications', 5));  
// "You have 5 notifications"

console.log(i18n.t('likes', 1));          
// "1 person likes this"

const i18nEs = new I18n('es-ES');
console.log(i18nEs.t('notifications', 3));
// "Tienes 3 notificaciones"

Console Output

Click "Run Code" to see output here...

Plural Categories

Understanding plural forms across languages

English (2 forms)

one

1 item

other

0, 2, 3... items

Polish (3 forms)

one

few

2, 3, 4

many

5, 6, 7...

Arabic (6 forms)

zero

one

two

few

3-10

many

11-99

other

100+

Key Takeaways

Plural Categories

Get correct form: zero, one, two, few, many, other

Language-Specific

Each language has different plural rules (2-6 forms)

Two Types

cardinal (1, 2, 3) or ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

🌍

Global Apps

Essential for building multi-language applications

Coder Pod - Learn Programming Online | AI Coding Tutor & Interview Practice

Intl.Collator

History API

JavaScript Code Editor

Building Your Learning Module...

Intl.PluralRules

Pluralization Made Easy

Constructor Syntax

Plural Categories

How It Works

Basic Usage

Different Languages

Ordinal Numbers

Practical Example: Shopping Cart

Get All Supported Rules

Dynamic Translation System

English (2 forms)

Polish (3 forms)

Arabic (6 forms)

Key Takeaways

Plural Categories

Language-Specific

Two Types

Global Apps

Intl.Collator

History API

JavaScript Code Editor

Intl.PluralRules

Pluralization Made Easy

Constructor Syntax

Plural Categories

How It Works

Basic Usage

Different Languages

Ordinal Numbers

Practical Example: Shopping Cart

Get All Supported Rules

Dynamic Translation System

English (2 forms)

Polish (3 forms)

Arabic (6 forms)

Key Takeaways

Plural Categories

Language-Specific

Two Types

Global Apps